PHARMACY AND BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES I

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Learning Outcomes

Will explain the general concepts related to the anatomy of the nervous system.
Lists the structures that make up the nervous system.
Describes the locations of the structures that make up the nervous system.
Will explain the sympathetic nervous system.
Explains the structures that form the truncus sympatheticus.
Explains the effects on the target organs innervated by it.
Will explain the parasympathetic nervous system.
Explains the cranial part.
Explains the sacral part.
Explains the effects on the target organs innervated by it.
Will explain the enteric nervous system.
Explains the localization of the plexuses.
Will explain the anatomy of the heart.
Describes the location of the heart.
Lists the neighboring structures of the heart.
Lists the layers of the heart.
Lists the chambers of the heart.
Lists the coronary arteries and veins of the heart.
Lists the major vessels that enter and exit the heart.
Explains the conduction system of the heart.
Will explain the arteries.
Explains the aortic arch and its branches.
Explains the branches of the thoracic and abdominal aorta.
Explains the vessels of the upper extremity.
Explains the vessels of the lower extremity
Will explain the veins.
Categorizes the superficial and deep veins
Lists the veins of the head and neck.
Lists the veins of the extremities.
Categorizes the portal and caval veins.
Will explain the lymphatic system.
Categorizes the lymph nodes.
Explains lymphatic drainage.
Will explain the anatomy of the kidney.
Describes the location and structure of the kidneys.
Describes the location and structure of the kidneys.
Defines the structures that make up the lower urinary tract.
Will explain the general concepts related to the physiology of the nervous system.
Explains the physiological organization of the nervous system.
Differentiates the central nervous system.
Differentiates the peripheral nervous system.
Will explain the synapse and action potential.
Explains the functional parts of the neuron.
Explains the concept of membrane potential.
Describes the formation, propagation, and functions of the action potential.
Defines the synapse.
Describes the synaptic organization.
Discusses the main functions of the synapse.
Lists the mediators involved in synaptic communication.
Will explain the functions of the autonomic nervous system and adrenal medulla.
Explains the general organization of the autonomic nervous system.
Explains the difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system.
Explains the concept of a ganglion.
Explains the key features of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Explains the key features of the sympathetic nervous system.
Describes autonomic reflexes.
Will explain the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Describes the synthesis of acetylcholine.
Describes the release of acetylcholine.
Describes the breakdown of acetylcholine.
Describes the receptors of acetylcholine.
Explains the mechanism of action of acetylcholine.
Describes the physiological effects of acetylcholine on smooth muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of acetylcholine on cardiac muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of acetylcholine on glands.
Will explain the main neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system.
Describes the synthesis of noradrenaline.
Describes the release of noradrenaline.
Describes the breakdown of noradrenaline.
Describes the receptors of noradrenaline.
Explains the mechanism of action of noradrenaline.
Describes the physiological effects of noradrenaline on smooth muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of noradrenaline on cardiac muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of noradrenaline on glands.
Describes the synthesis of adrenaline.
Describes the release of adrenaline.
Describes the breakdown of adrenaline.
Describes the receptors of adrenaline.
Explains the mechanism of action of adrenaline.
Describes the physiological effects of adrenaline on smooth muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of adrenaline on cardiac muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of adrenaline on glands.
Describe the synthesis of dopamine.
Describes the release of dopamine.
Describes the breakdown of dopamine.
Describes the receptors of dopamine.
Explains the mechanism of action of dopamine.
Describes the physiological effects of dopamine on smooth muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of dopamine on cardiac muscle.
Describes the physiological effects of dopamine on glands.
Will explain cardiac muscle and the cardiac cycle.
Explains the physiology of cardiac muscle and action potentials.
Differentiates the formation of systole and diastole.
Analyzes the role of the ventricles and atria as preparatory pumps.
Differentiates the function of the heart valves.
Explains the work done by the heart, the chemical energy required for this, and the heart's oxygen consumption.
Will explain the regulation of the heart's pumping function.
Explains the intrinsic regulation—Frank-Starling mechanism.
Differentiates the effects of potassium and calcium ions on heart function.
Will explain the rhythmic stimulation of the heart.
Explains the specialized conduction and excitation system of the heart.
Analyzes the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, inter-node pathways, and the conduction of heart excitation.
Differentiates the ventricular Purkinje system and the conduction of heart excitation in the ventricular muscle.
Explains the neural control of heart rhythm and excitation conduction.
Will explain the electrocardiogram (ECG).
Defines the features of a normal electrocardiogram (ECG) and the waves observed.
Analyzes the relationship between the electrocardiogram and the cardiac cycle.
Explains the movement of currents around the heart during the cardiac cycle.
Explains the electrocardiographic interpretation of heart muscle and coronary blood flow abnormalities.
Differentiates conditions that cause abnormal voltages in the QRS complex.
Analyzes prolonged and complex-shaped QRS complexes.
Differentiates coronary ischemia as a cause of injury current.
Differentiates T-wave abnormalities.
Will explain cardiac arrhythmias.
Classifies abnormal sinus rhythms such as tachycardia, bradycardia, and sinus arrhythmia.
Explains blocks occurring in excitation conduction, such as sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block, etc.
Classifies atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
Explains atrial and ventricular fibrillation, atrial flutter.
Explains the ECG findings and physiological process in cardiac arrest.
Explains premature contractions.
Will explain the basic physiological characteristics of the circulatory system.
Explains the physical characteristics of circulation and the basic theory of circulatory function.
Differentiates the relationships between pressure, flow, and resistance.
Explain the excitation and contraction of smooth muscle.
Explains the contraction of smooth muscle.
Explains the regulation of contraction by calcium ions.
Explains the neural and hormonal control of smooth muscle contraction.
Will explain the ability of blood vessels to recoil and the functions of the arterial and venous systems.
Discusses the ability of blood vessels to recoil.
Explains the function of veins, venous pressures, and the storage function of veins.
Analyzes the physiological function of the capillary system.
Describe the normal values of cardiac output at rest and during activity.
Explains the control of cardiac output by venous return through the Frank-Starling mechanism.
Discusses pathologically high and low cardiac outputs.
Lists the methods for measuring cardiac output.
Will explain the local control of blood flow by tissues.
Explains the local control of blood flow according to tissue needs.
Discusses the mechanisms of blood flow control.
Explains the humoral control of circulation.
Will explain the neural regulation of circulation and the rapid control of arterial pressure.
Explains the neural regulation of circulation.
Differentiates the role of the nervous system in the rapid control of arterial pressure.
Lists the reflex mechanisms involved in maintaining normal arterial pressure.
Will explain cholinomimetic drugs.
Explains the concept of cholinomimetics.
Classifies cholinomimetic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of cholinomimetic drugs.
Differentiates the mechanisms of action of cholinomimetic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of cholinomimetic drugs.
Provides examples of cholinomimetic drugs for specific indications.
Identifies the side effects of cholinomimetic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of cholinomimetic drugs.
Will explain parasympatholytic drugs.
Explains the concept of parasympatholytics.
Classifies parasympatholytic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of parasympatholytic drugs.
Differentiates the mechanisms of action of parasympatholytic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of parasympatholytic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of parasympatholytic drugs.
Provides examples of parasympatholytic drugs for specific indications.
Identifies the side effects of parasympatholytic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of parasympatholytic drugs.
Will explain sympathomimetic drugs.
Explains the concept of sympathomimetic drugs.
Classifies sympathomimetic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of sympathomimetic drugs.
Differentiates the mechanisms of action of sympathomimetic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of sympathomimetic drugs.
Provides examples of sympathomimetic drugs for specific indications.
Identifies the side effects of sympathomimetic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of sympathomimetic drugs.
Will explain sympatholytic drugs.
Explains the concept of sympatholytic drugs.
Classifies sympatholytic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of sympatholytic drugs.
Differentiates the mechanisms of action of sympatholytic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of sympatholytic drugs.
Provides examples of sympatholytic drugs for specific indications.
Identifies the side effects of sympatholytic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of sympatholytic drugs.
Will explain ganglionic stimulants and blockers.
Explains the concepts of ganglionic stimulation and blockade.
Classifies drugs that stimulate and block ganglia.
Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of ganglionic stimulants and blockers.
Differentiates the clinical indications of ganglionic stimulants.
Provides examples of ganglionic stimulants used for specific indications.
Identifies the side effects of ganglionic stimulants.
Explains the contraindications of ganglionic stimulants.
Will explain antihypertensive drugs.
Classifies antihypertensive drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of antihypertensive drugs.
Differentiates the mechanisms of action of antihypertensive drugs.
Identifies the indications for antihypertensive drugs.
Provides examples of antihypertensive drugs for specific indications.
Describes the side effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Explains the contraindications of antihypertensive drugs.
Will explain peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Classifies peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of peripheral vasodilators.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of peripheral vasodilators.
Distinguish the indications of peripheral vasodilators.
Gives examples of peripheral vasodilator drugs for the indications they are used in.
Describes the side effects of peripheral vasodilators.
Explains the contraindications of peripheral vasodilators.
Will explain antianginal drugs.
Classifies antianginal drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of antianginal drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of antianginal drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of antianginal drugs.
Provides examples of antianginal drugs for the indications they are used for.
Defines the side effects of antianginal drugs.
Explains the contraindications of antianginal drugs.
Will explain antiarrhythmic drugs.
Classifies antiarrhythmic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Provides examples of antiarrhythmic drugs for the indications they are used for.
Defines the side effects of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of antiarrhythmic drugs.
Will explain drugs used for heart failure.
Classifies drugs used for heart failure.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs used for heart failure.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of drugs used for heart failure.
Distinguishes the indications of drugs used for heart failure.
Provides examples of drugs used for heart failure for the indications they are used for.
Defines the side effects of drugs used for heart failure.
Explains the contraindications of drugs used for heart failure.
Will explain hypolipidemic drugs.
Classifies hypolipidemic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of hypolipidemic drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of hypolipidemic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of hypolipidemic drugs.
Provides examples of hypolipidemic drugs for the indications they are used for.
Defines the side effects of hypolipidemic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of hypolipidemic drugs.
Will explain antithrombotic drugs.
Classifies anticoagulant drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of anticoagulant drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanism of action of anticoagulant drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of anticoagulant medications.
Give examples of anticoagulant drugs for the indications they are used.
Explains the use of anticoagulant drugs in special patient groups.
Describes the side effects of anticoagulant drugs.
Explains the contraindications of anticoagulant drugs.
Classifies antiplatelet drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of antiplatelet drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of antiplatelet drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of antiplatelet drugs.
Gives examples of antiplatelet drugs for the indications they are used.
Explains the use of antiplatelet drugs in special patient groups.
Describes the side effects of antiplatelet drugs.
Explains the contraindications of antiplatelet drugs.
Classifies thrombolytic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of thrombolytic drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanism of action of thrombolytic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of thrombolytic medications.
Gives examples of thrombolytic drugs for the indications they are used.
Explains the use of thrombolytic drugs in special patient groups.
Describes the side effects of thrombolytic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of thrombolytic drugs.
Explains hemostatic drugs and other hemostatic blood products used for replacement.
Lists hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement.
Explains the application features of hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement.
Distinguishes the situations in which hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement will be used.
Gives examples of hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement for the indications they are used.
Explains the side effects that may occur as a result of the use of hemostatic drugs and hemostatic blood products used for replacement.
Explains blood, plasma products and solutions that expand plasma volume.
Classifies blood, plasma products, solutions that expand plasma volume.
Lists the properties of blood, plasma products and plasma volume expanding solutions.
Distinguishes the usage situations of blood, plasma products and plasma volume expanding solutions.
Describe the side effects of blood, plasma products, and solutions that expand plasma volume.
Gives examples of blood, plasma products and plasma volume expanding solutions for the indications used.
Will explain antianemic drugs.
Classifies antianemic drugs.
Explains the usage characteristics of antianemic drugs.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of antianemic drugs.
Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of antianemic drugs.
Distinguishes the indications of antianemic drugs.
Provides examples of antianemic drugs for the indications they are used for.
Explains the use of antianemic drugs in special patient groups.
Defines the side effects of antianemic drugs.
Explains the contraindications of antianemic drugs.
Explains medications that affect water, salt and acid-base balance.
Classifies drugs that affect water, salt and acid-base balance.
Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs affecting water, salt and acid-base balance.
Explains the mechanisms of action of drugs affecting water, salt and acid-base balance.
Distinguishes the situations in which drugs affecting water, salt and acid-base balance should be used.
Gives examples of drugs that affect water, salt and acid-base balance for the indications used.
Identifies the side effects of medications that affect water, salt and acid-base balance.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by cholinomimetic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by cholinomimetic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by cholinomimetic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by cholinomimetic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will wxplain the adverse effects induced by parasympatholytic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by parasympatholytic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by parasympatholytic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by parasympatholytic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by sympathomimetic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by sympathomimetic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced sympathomimetic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by sympathomimetic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by sympatholytic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by sympatholytic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced sympatholytic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by sympatholytic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by ganglion stimulants and blockers.
Lists the adverse effects induced by ganglion stimulants and blockers.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced ganglion stimulants and blockers.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by ganglion stimulants and blockers.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by antihypertensive drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by antihypertensive drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antihypertensive drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by antihypertensive drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by peripheral vasodilator drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by antianginal drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by antianginal drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antianginal drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by antianginal drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of heart failure.
Lists the adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of heart failure.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of heart failure.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of heart failure.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by hypolipidemic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by hypolipidemic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by hypolipidemic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by hypolipidemic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by antithrombotic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by anticoagulant drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by anticoagulant drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by anticoagulant drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Lists the adverse effects induced by antiplatelet drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antiplatelet drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by antiplatelet drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Lists the adverse effects induced by thrombolytic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by thrombolytic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by thrombolytic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by hemostatic drugs, replacement therapies, and other hemostatic blood products.
Lists the adverse effects induced by hemostatic drugs, replacement therapies, and other hemostatic blood products.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by hemostatic drugs, replacement therapies, and other hemostatic blood products.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by hemostatic drugs, replacement therapies, and other hemostatic blood products.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by blood, plasma products, and plasma volume expanders.
Lists the adverse effects induced by blood, plasma products, and plasma volume expanders.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by blood, plasma products, and plasma volume expanders.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by blood, plasma products, and plasma volume expanders.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by antianemic drugs.
Lists the adverse effects induced by antianemic drugs.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antianemic drugs.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by antianemic drugs.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will explain the adverse effects induced by drugs that affect water, salt, and acid-base balance.
Lists the adverse effects induced by drugs that affect water, salt, and acid-base balance.
Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by drugs that affect water, salt, and acid-base balance.
Explains the risk factors for adverse effects induced by drugs that affect water, salt, and acid-base balance.
Lists drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.