HISTORY OF CRUSADES

Content

Weeks	Topics
1. Weeks	The description of the Crusader - Crusaders and its chronology
2. Weeks	The situation of Europe, Byzantium, Anatolia and the Middle East in the era of the Crusades (late XIth century); Political, economic, religious and social preconditions
3. Weeks	First Crusade (1095-1099): "Peasant Crusade" or "People's Crusade" and "Crusade of Barons", Relations between the Crusader leaders and Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Comnenus, Battle of Dorylaion, Besiege of Antioch by the Crusaders, Besiege of Jerusalem and massacre, the Foundation of Latin Kingdom in Jerusalem (1099)
4. Weeks	The Second Crusade (1147-1149): Pope II. Paschal's call to the Crusades; Participation of Lombard troops; Participation of the German army; Participation of the French army; The territorial gains and losses of the Crusaders and Turks
5. Weeks	Third Crusade (1189-1192): Crusade of three kings; German Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa and German Participation; English King Richard I (Lion-hearted) and the English participation; King of France Philip II and French participation; Seljuk Resistance; Kılıçarslan II's Successful Defense; Crusader Siege of Acre, Failure of the Crusaders
6. Weeks	The Fourth Crusade (1200-1204): Venetian Role, Route of the Crusade and Deviation, Arrival to Constantinopolis, Struggles between Byzantine Dynasty, Capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders (1203), Territorial Achievements of the Crusaders, Degradation of Byzantine Administration
7. Weeks	The Fifth Crusade (1217–1221): Causes; Ayyubi State in Egypt and its hegemony in the Holy Lands; Crusader Siege of Acre; Oliver of Cologne and William I of Holland; their alliance with Seljuk State; Crusader Besiege of Damietta; Battle of Nile; Defeat of the Crusaders; The End of Romantic Age of Crusade
8. Weeks	The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229): Diplomacy War; Negotiations between the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich II and the Ayyubid ruler Kamil bin Adil; Crusaders - Ayyubi Reconciliation; Restoration of Jerusalem to the Crusaders; Friedrich II's Campaign to Italy; Civil War among the Crusaders
9. Weeks	Seventh Crusade (1248-1254): Causes; Conquest of Jerusalem by the Muslims; Louis' Leadership; Battle of Mansure and Crusaders' Defeat (1250); Louis VII's Plans for a New Crusade and his death
10. Weeks	Eighth Crusade (1268-1270): Causes; The Muslim Conquest of Antioch; French king Louis IX's campaign; aftermath: Fall of Tripolis (1289) and the last Crusader castle Acre (1291).
11. Weeks	Ninth Crusadei (1271-1272): English crown-prince Edward's leadership; The arrival of the Crusaders via Tunisia to Acre; Confrontation with Mameluk Sultan Baybars; Plans of attack on Jerusalem and the aftermath; The end of the Crusades for the Holy Land
12. Weeks	Crusades in France (1225-1226): The Situation of the Crusaders in the Eastern World; IV. Lateran Council (1215); Franciscans and Dominicans.
13. Weeks	The Northern Crusades - Baltic Crusades (1193-1316): Crusades against Wends (1160-1162)