CLINICAL PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL CARE II

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Learning Outcomes

Will be able to Evaluate Some Cardiologic Diseases Clinically.
• Defines hypertension. • Explains the etiology of hypertension. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypertension. • Explains the clinical picture of hypertension. • Explains the diagnosis of hypertension. • Explains the treatment of hypertension. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the treatment of hypertension in special populations. • Explains the treatment of hypertensive forced and emergency cases. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypertension. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines dyslipidemia. • Explains the etiology of dyslipidemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. • Describes the clinical picture of dyslipidemia. • Explains the diagnosis of dyslipidemia. • Describes the treatment of dyslipidemia. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines ischemic heart disease. • Explains types of ischemic heart disease. • Explains the etiology of ischemic heart disease. • Explains the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease. • Describes the clinical picture of ischemic heart disease. • Explains the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. • Describes the treatment of stable ischemic heart disease. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Describes the treatment of variable-threshold angina and prangiant angina. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines the acute coronary syndromes. • Explains the types of acute coronary syndromes. • Explains the etiology of acute coronary syndromes. • Explains the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. • Explains clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndromes. • Explains the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. • Describes the treatment of myocardial infarction with st-segment elevation. • Describes the treatment of myocardial infarction without st-segment elevation. • Describes unstable angina treatment. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. • Describes secondary prevention treatment of myocardial infarction. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of myocardial infarction. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines the arrests. • Explains the types of arrhythmias. • Explains the etiology of arrhythmias. • Describes the types of supraventricular arrhythmias. • Explains the pathophysiology of supraventricular arrhythmias. • Explains clinical manifestations of supraventricular arrhythmias. • Explains the diagnosis of supraventricular arrhythmias. • Describes the classification of antiarrhythmic drugs. • Describes the treatment of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. • Describes the treatment of reactive paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias. • Describes the types of ventricular arrhythmias. • Explains the pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmias. • Explains clinical manifestations of ventricular arrhythmias. • Explains the treatment of premature ventricular complexes. • Explains the treatment of ventricular tachycardia. • Describes the treatment of ventricular proarrhythmia. • Explains the treatment of ventricular fibrillation. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. • Describes the types of bradiarrhythmias. • Explains the pathophysiology of bradiarrhythmias. • Explains the clinical manifestations of bradyarrhythmias. • Describes the treatment of sinus bradyarrhythmias. • Describes treatment of atrioventricular block. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of bradyarrhythmias. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines shock. • Explains the etiology of shock. • Explains the shock pathophysiology. • Shocks tells the clinical picture. • Explains the diagnosis of shock. • Describes shock therapy. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of shock. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines heart failure. • Explains the types of heart failure. • Explains the etiology of heart failure. • Explains the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure. • Explains the clinical manifestations of chronic heart failure. • Explains the diagnosis of chronic heart failure. • Explains the treatment of chronic heart failure. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of chronic heart failure. • Explains the pathophysiology of acute decompensated heart failure. • Explains the clinical manifestations of acute decompensated heart failure. • Explains the diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure. • Explains the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines cardiac arrest. • Explains the etiology of cardiac arrest. • Explains the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest. • Describes the clinical picture of cardiac arrest. • Explains the diagnosis of cardiac arrest. • Explains the treatment of cardiac arrest. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of cardiac arrest. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines endocarditis. • Explains the etiology of endocarditis. • Explains the pathophysiology of endocarditis. • Describes the clinical picture of endocarditis. • Explains the diagnosis of endocarditis. • Describes the treatment of endocarditis. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the treatment of streptococcal endocarditis. • Explains the treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis. • Describes the treatment of entrocoal endocarditis. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of endocarditis. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Explains the prevention of endocarditis. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Describes stroke. • Describes the types of stroke. • Explains the etiology of stroke. • Explains the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. • Describes the clinical picture of ischemic stroke. • Explains the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. • Describes the acute treatment of ischemic stroke. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Describes the secondary prevention treatment of ischemic stroke. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of ischemic stroke. • Explains the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic stroke. • Explains the clinical picture of hemorrhagic stroke. • Explains the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke. • Explains the treatment of hemorrhagic stroke. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hemorrhagic stroke. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines venous thromboembolism. • Explains types of venous thromboembolizem. • Explains the etiology of venous thromboembolism. • Explains the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis. • Describes the clinical picture of deep vein thrombosis. • Explains the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. • Describes the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach to treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism. • Explains the clinical picture of pulmonary embolism. • Explains the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. • Explains the treatment of pulmonary embolism. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of pulmonary embolism. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation.
Will be able to Evaluate Some Excretory System Diseases Clinically.
• Defines acid-base disorders. • Describes the types of acid-base disorders. • Explains the etiology of acid-base disorders. • Explains the pathophysiology of metabolic acidosis. • Explains the clinical picture of metabolic acidosis. • Explains the diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. • Describes the treatment of metabolic acidosis. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of metabolic alcoholosis. • Explains the clinical picture of metabolic alcoholosis. • Explains the diagnosis of metabolic alcoholosis. • Describes the treatment of metabolic alcoholosis. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of metabolic alcoholosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of respiratory alcoholosis. • Explains the clinical picture of respiratory alcoholosis. • Explains the diagnosis of respiratory alcoholosis. • Describes the treatment of respiratory alcoholosis. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of respiratory alcoholosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of respiratory acidosis. • Explains the clinical picture of respiratory acidosis. • Explains the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis. • Describes the treatment of respiratory acidosis. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of respiratory acidosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of mixed type acid-disorder. • Describes the clinical picture of mixed type acid-disorder. • Explains the diagnosis of mixed type acid-disorder. • Describes the treatment of mixed type acid-disorder. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of mixed type acid-disorder. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines the electrolyte balance. • Describes types of electrolyte balance. • Explains the etiology of electrolyte balance. • Defines sodium and water balance disorders. • Describes types of sodium and water balance disorders. • Explains the etiology of sodium and water balance disorders. • Explains the pathophysiology of hyponatremia. • Explains the clinical picture of hyponatremia. • Explains the diagnosis of hyponatremia. • Describes the treatment of acute or sympathetic hypotonic hyponatremia. • Describes the treatment of asymptomatic hypotonic hyponatremia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hyponatremia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypernatremia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypernatremia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypernatremia. • Describes the treatment of hypernatremia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypernatremia. • Explains the pathophysiology of edema. • Explains the clinical picture of edema. • Explains the diagnosis of edema. • Describes the treatment of edema. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of edema. • Defines calcium balance disorders. • Describes the types of calcium balance disorders. • Explains the etiology of calcium balance disorders. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypocalcemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypocalcemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypocalcemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypocalcemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypercalcemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypercalcaemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypercalcaemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypercalcaemia. • Defines the diseases of phosphorus metabolism. • Describes the types of phosphorus metabolism diseases. • Explains the etiology of phosphorus metabolism diseases. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypophosphatemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypophosphatemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypophosphatemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypophosphatemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hyperphosphatemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hyperphosphatemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia. • Defines potassium balance disorders. • Describes the types of potassium balance disorders. • Explains the etiology of potassium balance disorders. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypokalemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypokalemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypokalemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypokalemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hyperkalemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hyperkalemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hyperkalemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hyperkalemia. • Defines magnesium balance disorders. • Explains types of magnesium balance disorders. • Explains the etiology of magnesium balance disorders. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypomagnesemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypomagnesemia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypomagnesemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypomagnesemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hypermagnamemia. • Explains the clinical picture of hypermagnesia. • Explains the diagnosis of hypermagnesemia. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of hypermagnesemia. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines acute kidney ınjury. • Explains the etiology of acute kidney injury. • Explains the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury. • Explains the clinical picture of acute kidney injury. • Explains the diagnosis of acute kidney injury. • Describes the treatment of acute kidney damage. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of acute kidney ınjury. • Explains electrolyte treatment and nutritional ınterventions. • Explains the points of drug doses. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines the chronic kidney disease. • Explains the etiology of chronic kidney disease. • Explains the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease. • Explains the clinical picture of chronic kidney disease. • Explains the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. • Describes the treatment of chronic kidney disease. • Explains treatment goals. • Explains the general approach of treatment. • Explains the treatment of secondary complications of chronic kidney disease. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. • Explains the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation.
Will be able to Evaluate of Some Inflammatory Disorders Associated with Bones and Joints Clinically.
• Defines gout and hyperuricemia. • Explains the etiology of hyperuricemia. • Explains the pathophysiology of hyperuricemia. • Describes the clinical picture of gout and hyperuricemia. • Explains the diagnosis of gout and hyperuricemia. • Describes the treatment of acute gout arthritis. • Describes the treatment of Gutta Hyperuricemia. • Describes treatment targets. • Explains the treatment general approach. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. • Describes the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines osteoporosis. • Explain the etiology of osteoporosis. • Explains the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. • Describes the clinical picture of osteoporosis. • Explains the diagnosis of osteoporosis. • Describes the treatment of osteoporosis. • Describes treatment targets. • Explains the treatment general approach. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis. • Describes the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Defines osteoarthritis. • Explains the etiology of osteoarthritis. • Explains the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. • Explains the clinical picture of osteoarthritis. • Explains the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. • Describes treatment of osteoarthritis. • Describes treatment targets. • Explains the treatment general approach. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. • Describes the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation. • Describes rheumatoid aritrite. • Explains the etiology of rheumatoid aritrite. • Describes the pathophysiology of rheumatoid aritrite. • Describes the clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis. • Explains the diagnosis of rheumatoid arythitis. • Describes the treatment of rheumatoid aritrite. • Describes treatment targets. • Explains the treatment general approach. • Explains the dosage, administration, indications, contraindications, side effects of drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arythitis. • Describes the evaluation of treatment outcomes. • Exemplifies by case presentation.