PHARMACEUTICAL AND BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES V

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Learning Outcomes

Will be able to Evaluate the Anatomy and Physiology of the Immune System.
• Defines the spleen (Lien) external and internal structure, describes its location. • Defines the external and internal structure of Thymus and explains its neighborhood. • General information about immune reaction • Diseases due to improper or inadequate effectiveness of the immune system • Rejection reaction • Immunity • Allergy and hypersensitivity
Will be able to Evaluate Immunomodulatory Drugs from a Pharmacological Perspective.
• Classifies immunosuppressant drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of immunosuppressant drugs. • Explains the mechanism of action of immunosuppressant drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of immunosuppressant drugs. • Gives examples of immunosuppressant drugs for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of immunosuppressant drugs. • Describes the contraindications of immunosuppressant drugs.
• Classifies immunostimulant drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of immunostimulant drugs. • Explains the mechanism of action of immunostimulating drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of immunostimulant drugs. • Gives examples of immunostimulant drugs for indications. • Describes the side effects of immunostimulating drugs. • Describes the contraindications of immunostimulant drugs.
• Classifies antiallergic drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of antiallergic drugs. • Explains the mechanisms of action of antiallergic drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of antiallergic drugs. • Gives examples of antiallergic drugs for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of antiallergic drugs.
Will be able to Evaluate the Immunomodulatory Drugs from a Toxicological Perspective.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by immunosuppressive drugs. • Describes the mechanism of adverse effects induced by immunosuppressive drugs. • Explains risk factors in adverse effects induced by immunosuppressive drugs. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by immunostimulating drugs. • Describes the mechanism of adverse effects induced by immunostimulating drugs. • Describes risk factors in adverse effects induced by immunostimulant drugs. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will be able to Evaluate the Anatomy and Physiology of the Endocrine System.
• Identifies the location of hypothalamus and pituitary. • Identifies the location and neighborhood of thyroid and parathyroid glands. • Describes the location and internal structure of the adrenal glands. • Defines the outer and inner structure of Gonads (Testes and Over). • Explains the basic concepts of Endocrine Regulation. • Distinguishes the synthesis, structure and classification of hormones. • Know the structures that mediate the transport of hormones and mechanisms of action. • Consider hormone receptors and second messenger mechanisms. • Explains the positive and negative feedback mechanisms of hormones. • Explains the role of the hypothalamus in hormone functions and the hypothalamus hormones. • Describes the hypothalamus-pituitary relationship and the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system. • CRH, TRH, PRH etc. analyze the releasing hormones and their effects. • Distinguishes the working principle of the pituitary gland. • Classifies Front and Rear pituitary hormones. • Explains the physiological effects of anterior and posterior pituitary hormones. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of the anterior and posterior pituitary hormones. • Explains the synthesis, release and physiological effects of growth hormone. • Explains the synthesis, release and physiological effects of ADH hormone. • Explains the synthesis, release and physiological effects of the oxytocin hormone. • Explains the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. • Distinguish the regulation of the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. • Explains the transport and metabolism of thyroid hormones to tissues. • Describes the physiological effects of thyroid hormones. Lists thyroid hormone diseases and physiological changes. • Explains the mechanisms that play a role in the regulation of calcium and phosphate levels in body fluids. • Distinguish the relationship between calcium and phosphate levels in body fluids and bone. • It explains the absorption and precipitation of calcium and phosphate into bone. • Explains the physiological properties, structure, formation and destruction of bone. • Explains the uptake, metabolism and effects of vitamin D into the body. • Distinguishes the effect of vitamin D on bone formation and destruction. • Explains the synthesis, release, metabolism and effects of parathyroid hormone. • Distinguishes the effect of parathyroid hormone on bone formation and destruction. • Analyze the synthesis, release, metabolism and effects of calcitonin. • Distinguishes the effect of calcitonin on bone formation and destruction. • Classifies parathyroid hormone physiopathology, vitamin D and bone diseases. • Explains the synthesis, release and metabolism of insulin. • Describes the mechanisms regulating insulin release. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of insulin. • Explains the physiological effects of insulin. • Describes the regulation of blood glucose level. • Explains the synthesis, release and metabolism of glucagon. • Explain the mechanisms that regulate the release of glucagon. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of glucagon. • Explains the synthesis, release and metabolism of somatostatin. • Describes the mechanisms that regulate the release of somatostatin. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of somatostatin. • Classifies the physiological effects of somatostatin. • Classifies physiological changes resulting from the deficiency and excess of pancreatic hormones. • Classifies the structure of adrenal cortex and medulla and released endogenous substances. • Distinguishes the synthesis and release of adrenal cortex hormones. • Explains the transport and metabolism of adrenal cortex hormones to tissues. • Explains the physiological effects of adrenal cortex hormones. • Classifies the adrenal cortex hormone diseases. • Consider the physiological changes caused by adrenal cortex hormone diseases. • Classifies gonodotropic hormones and their effects on ovaries and testicles. • Classifies sex hormones. • Distinguishes the synthesis and release of sex hormones. • Explains the transport and metabolism of sex hormones to tissues. • Explains the physiological effects of sex hormones. • Lists diseases and physiological changes caused by deficiency or excess of sex hormones. • Describes the effects of sex hormones in the formation of menstrual cycle, pregnancy and lactation.
Will be able to Evaluate Endocrine System Drugs from a Pharmacological Perspective.
• Classifies the hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antagonists. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of the hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Exemplifies hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs for indications. • Describes the side effects of hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Describes the contraindications of hypothalamus and pituitary hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs.
• Classifies thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Gives examples of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs for indications. • Describes the side effects of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Explains the contraindications of thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs.
• Classifies parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. Distinguishes the indications of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Gives examples of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs for indications. • Describes the side effects of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Explains the contraindications of parathyroid hormone preparations, vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs.
• Classifies insulin-glucagon analogues and antidiabetic drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of insulin-glucagon analogs and oral antidiabetic drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs. • Gives examples of drugs to insulin-glucagon analogues and antidiabetic drugs for indications. Describes the side effects of insulin-glucagon analogues and antidiabetic drugs. • Describes the contraindications of insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs.
• Classifies corticosteroids and corticosteroid antagonists. • Explains corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and pharmacokinetic properties of ACTH. • Distinguishes corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and the mechanisms of action of ACTH. • Distinguishes corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists, and indications for ACTH • Exemplifies corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists, and ACTH preparations for indications. • Describes the side effects of corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and ACTH. • Describes the contraindications of corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and ACTH.
• Classifies estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Distinguishes the indications of estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Indicates estrogens, progestins and antagonists for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Describes the contraindications of estrogens, progestins and antagonists.
• Classifies androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs. • Androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs explain their pharmacokinetic properties. • Distinguishes androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs. • Gives examples of androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs for indications. • Describes the side effects of androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs. • Describes the contraindications of androgens, anabolic steroids and antiandrogenic drugs.
Will be able to Evaluate the Endocrine System Drugs from a Toxicological Perspective.
• Consider adverse effects induced by thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Describes the mechanism of adverse effects induced by thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Describes the risk factors in adverse effects induced by thyroid hormone preparations and antithyroid drugs. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by parathyroid hormone and vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Describes the mechanism of adverse effects induced by parathyroid hormone and vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Describes risk factors in adverse effects induced by parathyroid hormone and vitamin D preparations and calciotropic drugs. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs. • Describes the mechanism of insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs-induced adverse effects. • Explains the risk factors of insulin-glucagon analogs and antidiabetic drugs-induced adverse effects. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists, and ACTH-induced adverse effects. • Describes the mechanism of corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and ACTH-induced adverse effects. • Describes the risk factors for corticosteroids, corticosteroid antagonists and ACTH-induced adverse effects. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Describes the mechanism of estrogens, progestins and antagonists-induced adverse effects. • Describes risk factors in adverse effects induced by estrogens, progestins and antagonists. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by androgens, anabolic steroids, and antiandrogenic drugs. • Describes the mechanism of androgens, anabolic steroids, and antiandrogenic drugs-induced adverse effects. • Describes the risk factors for adverse effects induced by androgens, anabolic steroids, and antiandrogenic drugs. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
Will be able to Evaluate the Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System.
• Describes the anatomical structures (tongue, teeth and salivary glands) in the oral cavity. • Identifies the parts of Pharynx (Larynx) and Oesophagus (Esophagus). • Identifies the location of Gas (Gaster), its neighborhood, peritoneal state and its departments. • Describes the peritoneal state, internal and external structure of the small intestines (Duodenum, Jejenum and Ileum). • Defines the peritoneal state, internal and external structure of the large intestine (Colon). • Lists the topographic sections of the anterior abdominal wall and the organs in the quadrants. • Defines the liver (Hepar) location, lobes and neighborhood. • Defines the gallbladder, intraheptic and extrahepatic biliary tract. • Describes the location and neighborhood of the pancreas. • Describes the general rules of gastrointestinal motility. • Explains neural control of gastrointestinal function. • Explains the control of gastrointestinal motility by hormones. • Describes the functional types of movements in the gastrointestinal tract. • Describes gastrointestinal blood flow. • Explaines food intake. • Explains the motor functions of the stomach. • Describes small bowel movements. • Explaines column movements. • Describes other autonomic reflexes that affect bowel activity. • Explains the general principles of digestive tract secretions. • Describes saliva secretion. • Explains the secretion of the stomach. • Explains pancreatic secretion. • Describes the secretion of bile from the liver. • Explains the small intestinal secretions. • Describes the secretion of mucus from the large intestine. • Explains the digestion of various foods by hydrolysis. • Discusses the basic principles of gastrointestinal absorption. • Explains the absorption in the small intestine. • Describes the formation of feces and feces in the large intestine. • Discusses swallowing and esophageal disorders. • Discusses stomach disorders. List the specific causes of peptic ulcer in humans. • Discusses large intestinal disorders. • Medulla spinalis discusses defecation paralysis in injured people. • Explains the physiological anatomy of the liver. • Describes the vascular and lymphatic systems of the liver. • Discusses the metabolic functions of the liver.
Will be able to Evaluate Digestive System Drugs from a Pharmacological Perspective.
• Classifies the drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment. • Distinguishes the indications of drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment. • Gives an example of this group of drugs for the indications that it is used. • Describes the side effects of drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment. • Describes the contraindications of the drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
• Classifies laxative and purgative drugs. • Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of laxative and purgative drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of laxative and purgative drugs. • Distinguishes indications of laxative and purgative drugs. • Gives an example of this group of drugs for the indications that it is used. • Describes the side effects of laxative and purgative drugs. • Explains the contraindications of laxative and purgative drugs.
• Classifies antidiarrheal drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of antidiarrheal drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of antidiarrheal drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of antidiarrheal drugs. • Illustrates antidiarrheal drugs for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of antidiarrheal drugs. • Explains the contraindications of antidiarrheal drugs.
• Classifies emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs. • gives examples of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs for the indications for which they are used • Describes the side effects of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs. • Describes the contraindications of emetic, antiemetic and prokinetic drugs.
• Categorizes digestants. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of digestes. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of digestants. • Distinguishes the indications of digestes. • Gives examples to the indications for use. • Describes the side effects of digestes. • Describes the contraindications of digestes.
• Classifies choleretic drugs. • Explains the pharmacokinetic properties of choleretic drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of choleretic drugs. • Distinguishes the indications of choleretic drugs. • Gives examples of choleretic drugs for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of choleretic drugs. • Explains the contraindications of choleretic drugs.
• Classifies collage drugs. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of collage drugs. • Distinguishes the mechanisms of action of the collagogue drugs. • Kolagog distinguishes indications of drugs. • Gives an example of collage drugs for the indications for which it is used. • Describes the side effects of collage drugs. • Describes the contraindications of the collagen drugs.
• Classifies drugs that can dissolve gallstones. • Describes the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs that can dissolve gallstones. • Distinguishes the mechanism of action of drugs that can dissolve gallstones. • Distinguishes indications of drugs that can dissolve gallstones. • Gives examples of drugs that can dissolve gallstones for the indications for which they are used. • Describes the side effects of drugs that can dissolve the gallstones. • Describes contraindications of drugs that can dissolve gallstones.
Will be able to Evaluate the Digestive System Drugs from a Toxicological Perspective.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by drugs used in peptic ulcer treatment . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer . • Explain the risk factors in adverse effects induced by drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by laxative and purgative drugs . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by laxative and purgative drugs . • Explains the risk factors in adverse effects induced by laxative and purgative drugs . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by antidiarrheal drugs . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by antidiarrheal drugs . • Explain the risk factors in adverse effects induced by antidiarrheal drugs . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by emetic , antiemetic and prokinetic drugs . • Emetic , antiemetic and prokinetic induced by drugs adverse explain the mechanism of action. • Emetic , antiemetic and prokinetic drugs induced by adverse explain the risk factors in effect. • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by digestes . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by digestes . • Explains the risk factors in adverse effects induced by digestes . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by choleretic drugs . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by choleretic drugs . • Explains the risk factors in adverse effects induced by choleretic drugs . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers adverse effects induced by drugs that can dissolve gallstones . • Explains the mechanism of adverse effects induced by drugs that can dissolve gallstones . • Explains the risk factors in adverse effects induced by drugs that can dissolve the gallstones . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.
• Considers the adverse effects induced by collage drugs . • Describes the mechanism of adverse effects induced by collage drugs . • Describes the risk factors in adverse effects induced by collage drugs . • Considers drug-drug and drug-food interactions. • Explains drug-drug and drug-food interactions.